Use CasesguideOctober 29, 202510 min read

Automate Code Documentation That Stays Current

Generate and maintain code documentation with AI. Learn how AI agents create JSDoc, docstrings, README files, and API docs that update with your code.

Documentation is the classic tragedy of software development. Everyone agrees it's important. Everyone commits to keeping it updated. And yet, in every codebase, documentation slowly drifts from reality until it becomes more misleading than helpful.

The problem isn't laziness or lack of good intentions. It's that documentation and code are maintained separately. When you fix a bug, you fix the code. You don't instinctively update the README. When you refactor a function, you change the implementation. You don't automatically update the docstring. Over time, small gaps compound into significant drift.

AI agents solve this by treating documentation as derived from code rather than parallel to it. When documentation generates from the source of truth, it stays accurate by default.

Why Documentation Decays

Understanding why documentation fails helps design systems that succeed.

The Parallel Maintenance Problem

Code and documentation exist as separate artifacts. When code changes, documentation should change too - but nothing enforces this relationship. Developers modify functions, add parameters, change return values, and the surrounding documentation stays frozen in its original state.

The mental effort of updating documentation is small, but the friction is real. You're focused on making the code work. Documentation feels like a separate task for later. Later never comes.

The Knowledge Curse

The developer who writes code understands it. They don't need documentation. When they write documentation, they often skip details that seem obvious - details that aren't obvious to anyone else.

Six months later, that same developer has forgotten the context. Now they need the documentation they didn't write, and it's too late.

The Scale Problem

Small projects can maintain documentation manually. As codebases grow, the documentation burden grows faster. A hundred functions need a hundred docstrings. A thousand API endpoints need a thousand descriptions. Nobody allocates time proportional to this growth.

The Format Fragmentation

Different parts of a codebase need different documentation:

  • Functions need docstrings
  • APIs need endpoint documentation
  • Components need usage examples
  • The project needs a README
  • New developers need onboarding guides

Each format requires different effort, different skills, and different maintenance. Most projects do some formats well and neglect others entirely.

Types of Documentation to Automate

Not all documentation benefits equally from automation. Focus on high-impact, high-frequency updates.

Function and Method Documentation

Docstrings and JSDoc comments describe what code does:

@devonair add JSDoc comments to all exported functions in /src/utils
@devonair generate Python docstrings for all public methods in /src/services

The agent analyzes function signatures, parameter usage, and return values to generate accurate documentation.

API Documentation

Endpoint documentation describes request/response shapes:

@devonair generate OpenAPI documentation for all routes in /src/api
@devonair update API docs to reflect current endpoint implementations

API docs drift constantly as endpoints evolve. Automation keeps them synchronized.

README Files

Project README files need regular updates:

@devonair update the README with current installation instructions and feature list
@devonair generate a README for /packages/shared-ui based on its exported components

Component Documentation

UI component libraries need usage examples:

@devonair generate Storybook stories for all components in /src/components
@devonair create usage documentation for the Button component with prop descriptions

Architecture Documentation

High-level system documentation:

@devonair generate an architecture diagram description for the /src directory structure
@devonair document the data flow from API request to database and back

Documentation Generation Patterns

The Comprehensive Pass

Generate documentation across an entire codebase:

@devonair add documentation to all undocumented public functions in /src

This works well for initial documentation or catching up on documentation debt.

The Incremental Update

Keep documentation current as code changes:

@devonair on PR: update documentation for any modified functions
@devonair on PR: if public API changed, update API documentation

Documentation updates become part of normal development flow.

The Scheduled Audit

Regularly verify documentation accuracy:

@devonair schedule weekly: identify functions where documentation doesn't match implementation
@devonair schedule monthly: generate report on documentation coverage by directory

Catch drift before it compounds.

The Quality Enhancement

Improve existing documentation:

@devonair improve docstrings in /src/core to include parameter types and return value descriptions
@devonair add usage examples to all JSDoc comments in /src/utils

Turn minimal documentation into comprehensive documentation.

Documentation Formats

JSDoc for JavaScript/TypeScript

@devonair generate JSDoc for all functions in /src with @param, @returns, and @example tags

The agent creates documentation like:

/**
 * Validates user credentials against the authentication service.
 *
 * @param {string} username - The user's login identifier
 * @param {string} password - The user's password
 * @returns {Promise<AuthResult>} Authentication result with token if successful
 * @throws {AuthError} If credentials are invalid or service unavailable
 * @example
 * const result = await validateCredentials('user@example.com', 'password123');
 * if (result.success) {
 *   console.log('Token:', result.token);
 * }
 */

Python Docstrings

@devonair add Google-style docstrings to all functions in /src
@devonair convert existing docstrings to NumPy style

The agent adapts to your preferred docstring format.

TypeDoc/TSDoc

@devonair generate TSDoc comments for the public API in /src/lib

TypeScript-aware documentation with proper type references.

Markdown Documentation

@devonair create a CONTRIBUTING.md file based on the project structure and conventions
@devonair generate markdown documentation for each module in /src

Keeping Documentation Synchronized

The real challenge isn't generating documentation - it's keeping it accurate.

PR-Level Synchronization

Update documentation as part of code changes:

@devonair on PR: if function signatures changed, update their documentation
@devonair on PR: if new exports added, ensure they have documentation

Documentation updates ship with the code they describe.

Verification Checks

Catch mismatches before they merge:

@devonair on PR: verify all changed functions have documentation matching their implementation
@devonair on PR: flag any public APIs without documentation

Drift Detection

Find documentation that's fallen behind:

@devonair identify functions where parameter names in docs don't match actual parameters
@devonair find README sections that reference non-existent files or commands

Regeneration Workflows

Sometimes it's easier to regenerate than update:

@devonair regenerate all API documentation from current implementations

Fresh documentation from current code, guaranteed accurate.

Documentation Quality Standards

Automated documentation should be better than no documentation, but aim higher.

Completeness Standards

@devonair ensure all documentation includes: description, parameters, return value, and at least one example

Set minimum requirements for what documentation must contain.

Consistency Standards

@devonair standardize documentation format across /src to match the style in /src/core

Uniform documentation is easier to read and maintain.

Accuracy Verification

@devonair verify all code examples in documentation actually work

Documentation with broken examples is worse than no documentation.

Readability Standards

@devonair improve documentation readability: simplify jargon, add context for complex operations

Documentation should be understandable to someone unfamiliar with the code.

API Documentation Automation

APIs need special documentation attention because external consumers depend on accuracy.

OpenAPI/Swagger Generation

@devonair generate OpenAPI 3.0 spec from Express routes in /src/api
@devonair update swagger.json to match current API implementations

Endpoint Documentation

@devonair document all API endpoints with request/response examples
@devonair add error response documentation to all endpoints

SDK Documentation

@devonair generate SDK usage documentation from API endpoints

Help consumers of your API get started quickly.

Versioning Documentation

@devonair document breaking changes between API v1 and v2
@devonair generate migration guide for API version upgrade

Component Library Documentation

UI components need specialized documentation for design systems.

Props Documentation

@devonair document all props for React components in /src/components
@devonair add TypeScript types to component documentation

Usage Examples

@devonair generate usage examples for each component variant
@devonair create code snippets showing common component patterns

Storybook Integration

@devonair generate Storybook stories for all components
@devonair add controls and actions to existing Storybook stories

Accessibility Documentation

@devonair document accessibility features and ARIA usage for each component

README Automation

READMEs are often the first documentation users see.

Installation Instructions

@devonair update README installation section to match current package.json
@devonair verify all README commands work in a fresh environment

Feature Documentation

@devonair update README features section based on current capabilities
@devonair add badges for build status, coverage, and version

Quick Start Guides

@devonair create a quick start section with minimal viable example
@devonair add troubleshooting section based on common issues

Monorepo READMEs

@devonair generate README for each package in /packages with consistent format
@devonair create root README with links to all package documentation

Measuring Documentation Health

Track documentation quality over time.

Coverage Metrics

@devonair report on documentation coverage: percentage of functions with docs

Set targets for documentation coverage like you set targets for test coverage.

Freshness Metrics

@devonair identify documentation older than 6 months for files modified recently

Old documentation on new code signals drift.

Quality Metrics

@devonair score documentation quality based on completeness and examples

Not all documentation is equal - measure what matters.

Usage Metrics

If your documentation is on a website, track which pages get traffic. Prioritize improving high-traffic documentation.

Building a Documentation Culture

Automation enables good documentation but doesn't replace culture.

Documentation in Definition of Done

@devonair on PR: block merge if new public functions lack documentation

Make documentation a requirement, not an afterthought.

Documentation Reviews

@devonair on PR: highlight documentation changes for reviewer attention

Include documentation in code review scope.

Documentation Champions

Assign ownership for documentation areas. Automation handles the work; humans ensure quality.

Documentation Feedback Loops

@devonair analyze documentation issues filed and suggest improvements

Learn from what confuses users.

Getting Started

Start with the highest-impact documentation:

@devonair add documentation to all exported functions in /src that currently have none

This immediately improves discoverability of your public API.

Then set up ongoing maintenance:

@devonair on PR: ensure all modified functions have updated documentation

New documentation stays current from day one.

Finally, schedule regular audits:

@devonair schedule weekly: report on documentation coverage and identify gaps

Documentation that writes itself is documentation that actually exists. When developers don't have to choose between shipping features and writing docs, they can do both.


FAQ

Can AI documentation be trusted?

AI generates documentation from code analysis. It describes what code does, not what developers intended. Review generated documentation to ensure it captures intent, not just implementation.

How do I handle proprietary or sensitive code?

The agent processes code locally or within your security boundary. Sensitive implementation details can be documented without exposing them externally. Configure documentation visibility as needed.

What about documenting legacy code?

Legacy code benefits most from automation:

@devonair document all undocumented functions in /src/legacy, prioritizing exported functions

Understanding old code becomes possible when it's finally documented.

Should I document every function?

Focus on public APIs and complex internal logic. Simple, obvious functions may not need documentation. Use your judgment, but err on the side of more documentation for anything others will read.